When Muslims begin fasting in Ramadan, the change inside the body is not only spiritual — it’s scientific.
According to Prof. Sabo Ahmed Mohammed from the College of Health Sciences at the University of Jos, once food and water are stopped from dawn to sunset, the body shifts into a different mode. Instead of using sugar (glucose) from food for energy, it starts burning stored fat — a process known as ketosis.
This can help reduce excess body fat and lower the risk of obesity-related problems. But fasting doesn’t stop there.
A Natural “Clean-Up” Process
During fasting, the body also activates a process called autophagy, which means “self-eating.” This is when the body breaks down damaged or unhealthy cells — including potentially cancerous ones — and recycles them for energy. It acts like a built-in cleaning system.
The brain also benefits. When the body uses ketones (produced during fat burning) instead of carbohydrates, brain function may improve. Experts say this can lead to better focus and mental clarity.
How the Benefits Can Be Lost
However, these gains can disappear if people overeat between iftar (breaking the fast) and sahur (pre-dawn meal). Eating two or three times the usual amount — something many people do — can undo the metabolic benefits of fasting.
Prof. Sabo also warns that irregular eating patterns and constantly changing foods can upset the digestive system and may contribute to stomach problems like peptic ulcers. The issue, he says, is not fasting itself — but irregular and excessive eating.
He advises maintaining a regular meal schedule, avoiding very spicy or sour foods, and staying moderately active during fasting hours while avoiding dehydration.
In short, Ramadan fasting can offer real physical benefits — but discipline after sunset is just as important as restraint during the day.
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